Whitepaper: Optimisation of solar systems
Introduction
Solar systems are one of the most efficient and environmentally friendly ways to generate energy. However, the optimal utilisation of a solar system depends on many factors: From the right orientation and choice of technology to regular maintenance, there are numerous levers you can use to maximise energy yield. This white paper will show you how to get the most out of your system - whether you are currently planning to install one or already have one in operation.
1. the basics of optimisation
Why optimisation is important
A solar system that is not optimised can generate up to 30% less energy than a well-tuned system. Optimisation is crucial in order to:
- Increase energy efficiency .
- Maximise the ROI (return on investment)
- Further reduce the environmental impact .
What influences the performance of a solar system?
The performance of a solar system is influenced by several factors:
Geographical location: Solar radiation and weather conditions play a decisive role.
Alignment and inclination: Optimally aligned solar modules can significantly improve the energy yield.
Technology: The quality and type of solar modules and inverters determine efficiency.
Maintenance: Soiling or damage can impair performance.
2. technical optimisations
2.1 Alignment and inclination of the solar modules
Alignment:
In the northern hemisphere, solar modules should be orientated towards the south to maximise solar radiation
.Inclination angle:
The optimum tilt angle depends on the geographical location. In Central Europe, the ideal angle is approx. 30-35°. For seasonal adjustments, the angle can be set slightly steeper in winter and flatter in summer.
2.2 Technology of the solar modules
Monocrystalline modules: Highest efficiency, ideal for limited areas.
Polycrystalline modules: Less expensive, but slightly less efficient
Thin-film modules: Lower costs, suitable for special applications such as façade integration.
2.3 Choice of the inverter
The inverter converts the direct current (DC) generated into alternating current (AC). Important factors:
Efficiency: Choose inverters with an efficiency of over 97%.
Tracking function: Modern inverters offer Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to maximise the performance of the modules.
2.4 Energy storage
The integration of battery storage systems increases the utilisation of the energy generated. Modern storage technologies such as lithium-ion batteries are efficient and long-lasting.
3. practical optimisation measures
3.1 Regular cleaning of the modules
Why clean?
Dust, pollen, leaves and bird droppings can reduce efficiency by up to 20 %.
How often to clean
Two to four times a year, depending on how dirty it is.
Cleaning tips:
Use soft water and non-abrasive cleaning agents to avoid damaging the modules.
3.2 Shade management
Shadows from trees, buildings or other obstacles can significantly reduce performance. Solutions:
Optimal choice of location: Take care to avoid shadows as early as the planning stage.
Optimisers: Power optimisers reduce the power loss of individual shaded modules.
3.3 Monitoring and maintenance
Monitoring systems:
Performance monitoring systems can help to detect problems at an early stage
.Regular inspections:
Check the cabling, connections and condition of the modules for cracks or delamination.
3.4 Cooling the modules
High temperatures can reduce the efficiency of the modules. Measures:
Good ventilation: Ensure that the modules are not mounted too close to the roof surface.
Reflective materials: These can help to reduce the temperature of the modules.
4. advanced optimisation strategies
4.1 Smart control
Smart Home integration:
Connect your solar system to your smart home system to automatically adjust power consumption to production
.Load management:
Use energy-intensive appliances such as washing machines or electric vehicle charging stations during peak production times.
4.2 Combination with other energy sources
Hybrid solutions:
Combine your solar system with other renewable energy sources such as wind power or solar thermal energy to stabilise the energy supply
4.3 Bifacial modules
These modules utilise light that is reflected onto the back and can increase the energy yield by up to 30 %.
5. economic aspects of optimisation
Cost-benefit analysis
Investments:
Improved inverters, battery storage and optimisers can result in high initial costs
.Amortisation:
These costs are usually amortised within a few years by optimising the performance.
Subsidy programmes
Use government subsidy programmes and grants to reduce the costs of optimisation measures
6. Future of solar system optimisation
AI and machine learning
Artificial intelligence can be used to optimise the operation of solar plants in real time and predict malfunctions
.Progress in materials technology
New materials such as perovskite can further increase the efficiency of future modules
Integration into the circular economy
Recyclable modules and sustainable production methods will further increase the environmental friendliness of solar systems
Conclusion
Optimising your solar installation is a continuous process that requires both technical and practical measures. With the strategies described in this white paper, you can maximise energy yield, reduce your energy costs and make a contribution to environmental protection.
Make your solar system fit for the future - optimise now!