Wind power tutorials: Site analysis for wind turbines

Choosing the right location is the most important step in fully utilising the potential of a wind turbine. A thorough site analysis helps to ensure the best conditions for maximum energy production. In this tutorial, you will learn how to carry out a professional site analysis and take important factors into account.

Why is site analysis important

Maximum energy yield: Locations with optimum wind conditions increase the efficiency of the system.

Cost efficiency: A good choice of location minimises losses and operating costs.

Longevity of the system: The right conditions protect the system from unnecessary wear and tear.

Steps for carrying out a site analysis

1. measure the wind speed

Measurement methods:

  • Use anemometers or professional wind measuring masts to record the average wind speed
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  • Alternatively, online wind maps provide an initial orientation, but should be supplemented by local measurements.

Measurement period:

  • Measure the wind speed over at least 12 months to take seasonal fluctuations into account.

Tip: An average wind speed of at least 4-5 m/s is ideal for small wind turbines.

2. topography and terrain

Obstacles:

  • Avoid locations near buildings, trees or hills that can cause turbulence
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  • A clear, open area is ideal.

Altitude:

  • Higher locations, such as hills or rooftops, benefit from stronger and more even winds.

Soil conditions:

  • The soil must be stable enough to support the foundation of the system.

Tip: The tower height should be at least 10 metres above the surrounding obstacles to avoid turbulence.

3. Evaluate site conditions

Climatic factors:

  • Check the frequency of extreme weather conditions such as storms that could affect the safety of the installation

Environmental influences:

  • Consider potential noise pollution and visibility of the installation to promote acceptance in the neighbourhood.

Accessibility:

  • The location should be easily accessible for transport, installation and maintenance.

Tip: Document all observations so that you can make informed decisions later on.

4. compliance with legal requirements

Approvals:

  • Clarify the legal requirements in your region. In many cases, planning permission or environmental reports are required.

Minimum distances:

  • Maintain the prescribed distances from residential buildings or nature conservation areas.

Tip: Consult local authorities or experts to ensure that all regulations are adhered to.

5. economic analysis

Energy yield:

  • Calculate the potential energy yield based on the measured wind speeds.

Costs:

  • Consider the installation and maintenance costs as well as possible support programmes or subsidies.

Tip: Locations with a high energy yield and moderate operating costs offer the best return on investment.

Common mistakes when analysing locations

Insufficient measurements:

Short-term wind measurements can be misleading and lead to sub-optimal siting decisions

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Neglecting obstacles:

Turbulence caused by surrounding structures significantly impairs efficiency.

No consideration of the environment:

Negative effects on flora, fauna or the neighbourhood can lead to legal problems.

Conclusion: The right location makes all the difference

A professional site analysis is the key to realising the full potential of your wind turbine. With the right measurements, careful planning and compliance with legal requirements, you can lay the foundation for efficient and sustainable energy production.

Discover more tips and instructions in our wind power tutorials!